Prevalence of Oral Mucosal Alterations in A Sample of Egyptian Cardiovascular Patients Secondary To Cardiovascular Drugs: A Hospital Based Cross-Sectional Study

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontology, faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University

2 Cardiovascular Medicine - Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University

3 Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry,Cairo university

Abstract

Aim: The current study aimed to determine the prevalence of oral mucosal alterations in cardiovascular patients secondary to cardiovascular drugs and to investigate the presence of a possible relation between different cardiovascular drugs and oral manifestations.
Methodology: Three hundred and thirty-eight adult patients diagnosed with cardiovascular diseases at Kasr Al-Einy Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, were exanimated for oral signs and symptoms such as oral dryness dysphagia, and burning sensation. The patients were also clinically examined to report any oral lesions in oral mucosa such as lichenoid reactions, xerostomia, and gingival enlargements.
Results: Oral manifestations were founded in 253 (74.8%) patients as an adverse effect of cardiovascular drugs. The most common manifestations were gingival overgrowth in170 (50.3%), followed by xerostomia in 87(40%), burning sensation in 71 and (21%), dysphagia in36 (10.65%), and lichenoid reaction in 5(1.47%). drugs were found to most commonly cause xerostomia a combination of NGDs + antiplatelet, congestive heart failure, beta-blocker, and BBDs +diuretics, while the most common cause of burning sensation was CCBs+ antiplatelet and Congestive heart failure drugs. The most known cause of gingival overgrowth was the calcium channel blocker drugs in 100% of patients.
Conclusions: Most patients who are being treated for cardiovascular disease will always experience an adverse oral manifestation such as xerostomia, burning sensation, and gingival overgrowth. Concomitant symptomatic oral care should be provided to these patients to better their quality of life.

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Advanced Dental Journal
Volume 5, Issue 1
January 2023
Pages 12-23

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